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Publication date 1938 Media type Print (hardback & paperback) Pages 224 (22nd printing) (22nd printing) Tenggelamnya Kapal van der Wijck ( The Sinking of the van der Wijck) is an Indonesian serial and later novel by (Hamka; 1908–1981) published in 1938. It follows the failed love between Zainuddin, a mixed-race man, and Hayati, a pure woman. Hamka, an Islamic scholar who disapproved of Minang (traditions), wrote Van der Wijck as a critique of the discrimination against mixed-race persons prevalent in Minang society at the time, as well as the subservient role of women.
Originally released as a serial, Van der Wijck was republished as a novel after favourable popular reception. Described by the socialist literary critic as Hamka's best work, the work came under fire in 1962 because of similarities between it and 's Sous les Tilleuls ( Under the Limes; 1832). Contents • • • • • • • Background [ ], better known as simply Hamka, was the -born son of a devout Muslim who viewed local traditions as hindering the progress of religion – his father's opinions influenced his. After a trip to and beginning when he was sixteen, he became a religious scholar in Deli,, then in,.
During these travels, especially while in the Middle East, he extensively read works by Islamic scholars and authors, such as those by the Egyptian writer, as well as Arabic-language translations of European works. In 1935 he left Makassar for,, where he became the editor of an Islamic weekly magazine, Pedoman Masjarakat. It was while in Medan that he wrote Van der Wijck, which was inspired in part by the sinking of an actual vessel in 1936. Plot [ ] Zainuddin is an orphan. His Minang father died in exile after killing a relative over inheritance; his non-Minang mother has also died.
He is now living with his father's friend Mak Base in Batipuh,. As a person of mixed descent, he faces much discrimination from Minang conservatives. Although he loves Hayati, the daughter of local nobleman, he is not allowed to be with her. He decides to move to, although he continues to write to Hayati.
One day, Hayati goes to Padang Panjang to see Zainuddin and stays with her friend Khadijah. However, Khadijah's elder brother Aziz falls in love with Hayati, leading to Zainuddin and Aziz to compete for Hayati's affections.
Aziz, who is of purely Minang descent and a noble background, is favoured by her family; they look down on Zainuddin, who is poor and of mixed heritage. Although Zainuddin receives a sizeable inheritance from Mak Base, he is too late to inform Hayati's family, and Aziz marries her. In despair, Zainuddin and his friend Muluk go to, first to and then to, where Zainuddin becomes known as a writer.
Aziz and Hayati also move to Surabaya, after Aziz is transferred. However, their relationship has soured and Aziz's temper leads to him being fired, leaving the couple homeless.
After a period living with Zainuddin, Aziz runs away to, leaving Hayati for Zainuddin; in a letter, Aziz writes that Zainuddin is more deserving. Zainuddin, who has suffered from his longing for Hayati, spurns her and tells her to return to Sumatra. Cara buat game tebak kata dengan flash player. The next day she boards the Van der Wijck, which sinks off the coast of northern Java. Hearing the news, Zainuddin and Muluk rush to to search for her.
They find her in a hospital, where Zainuddin and Hayati make up; she then dies in his arms. Zainuddin's health worsens not long afterwards. After he dies, he is buried next to Hayati. Themes [ ] Like ( Under the Protection of Ka'bah; 1938) before it, Van der Wijck is critical of (traditions), such as the treatment of persons of mixed descent and the role of women, an issue shown through Hayati's work to be an ideal wife despite Aziz mistreating her. Hamka found some traditions incompatible with the tenets of Islam and common sense.
And continued to criticise adat in his works. Release and reception [ ] Van der Wijck was first published as a serial in his weekly Islamic-themed magazine Pedoman Masjarakat in Medan in 1938. According to Yunan Nasution, an employee of the magazine at the time, when the magazine was shipped to, (now Banda Aceh), readers would wait at the train station to buy and read the next instalment as soon as possible. Hamka also received fan mail, in which readers described the book as reflecting their own lives. However, conservative Muslims denounced the book, arguing that an should not write romances. After this generally favourable feedback, Hamka decided to publish it with a private publisher owned by his friend M. Syarkawi; by using a private publisher he avoided the censorship imposed on authors by, the official publisher of the colonial government.